SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI SELULOSA XANTAT DARI TANDAN KOSONG

Abstract

Cellulose xanthate or viscose is an intermediate in the production of viscose rayon, which is used in the manufacture of textile fibers and cellophane wrapping. Meanwhile, synthetic fibers in textile applications such as polyester, nylon, and spandex have environmental impacts due to the use of non-biodegradable, non-renewable resources and increase carbon emissions. This study aims to synthesize empty oil palm bunches into xanthate cellulose by knowing the effect of carbon disulfide concentration ratio to cellulose weight and xanthation temperature. The best xanthate cellulose was obtained at a ratio of 1:1.4 and a xanthation temperature of 35°C, namely with a degree of polymerization of 297.08. The best degree of substitution was obtained at a ratio of 1:1.4 and a xanthation temperature of 37.5°C with a degree of substitution of 0.5499. The results of FTIR characterization, there are several new wave peaks in xanthate cellulose, namely around 2121.5 cm^-1, 2124.4 cm^-1, 2123 cm^-1 which indicate the presence of -NCS groups and wave peaks of 691 cm^-1, 697 cm^-1, 693 cm^-1 which indicate C-S groups. SEM results on xanthate cellulose show that the surface structure looks stretched, porous and expanded due to the alkalization and xanthation processes.